A microsurgical bifurcation rabbit model to investigate the effect of high-intensity focused ultrasound on aneurysms: a technical note

BACKGROUND Recent clinical studies confirmed the high potential of MR-guided focused ultrasound (MRgFUS) in the field of functional neurosurgery. While its ability for precise thermo-ablation within soft tissue is widely recognized, the impact of high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) on larger vessels is less explored. We used a bifurcation aneurysm model in rabbits to investigate the possible effects on the walls of vascular aneurysms and to assess the risk and prospect of this procedure for managing neurovascular disorders. METHODS Experimental bifurcation aneurysms were microsurgically created in New Zealand white rabbits and sonicated using MRgFUS. RESULTS A temperature of max. 54°C could be achieved close to the aneurysm, and the shape and size of the aneurysm were noticeably changed, as shown by MR angiography. CONCLUSIONS The presented rabbit model proved suitable and capable of being extended to acquire data on the effect of HIFU on aneurysms and larger vessels. The fact that HIFU led to an alteration of the aneurysm without inducing rupture encourages further investigations.